Abstract：While artificial intelligence(AI)creates huge economic value and widely leads industrial transformation,it also triggers many risks.From the perspective of trust,many risk issues are closely related to technology trust,and technology trust under risk scenarios is more complicated and full of challenges.Based on combing and refining existing technical trust literature,this paper constructs a model of AI technology trust mechanism from four dimensions named as paradigm,active subject,core vision,and regulatory system.The research found the followings.Responsible innovation can provide direction and code of conduct for technology trust in risk scenarios,and become dominant paradigm of technological trust.Technology trust core vision includes technical availability,reliability,comprehensibility,controllability and accountability.Technological trust requires the participation of national governments,industry organizations,enterprises,academia,and the public.The risk prevention and control system guaranteed by law and the social norm system oriented by ethics have become the two pillars of the technology trust regulatory system.The operation of the technology trust mechanism can be summarized as follows.Under the guidance of the responsible innovation paradigm,the active entities shape a trustworthy governance community through diversification and coordination.The core vision is connected to each other to form a safe and responsible technical system.The regulatory system provides rigid and flexible environmental protection through integration with each other.
孙丽文, 李少帅. 风险情景下人工智能技术信任机制建构与解析[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2022(1): 150-160.
Sun Liwen, Li Shaoshuai. Construction and Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Technology Trust Mechanism Under Risk Scenarios. , 2022(1): 150-160.
[1] 郭凯明.人工智能发展、产业结构转型升级与劳动收入份额变动[J].管理世界,2019,35(7):60-77,202-203. [2] 贾开,蒋余浩.人工智能治理的三个基本问题:技术逻辑、风险挑战与公共政策选择[J].中国行政管理,2017(10):40-45. [3] 闫坤如,马少卿.人工智能技术风险规避探析[J].长沙理工大学学报(社会科学版),2019,34(4):7-12. [4] 张成岗.人工智能时代:技术发展、风险挑战与秩序重构[J].南京社会科学,2018(5):42-52. [5] 盖瑞·马库斯,欧内斯特·戴维斯.如何创造可信的AI[M].龙志勇,译.杭州:浙江教育出版社,2020. [6] 孟筱筱.人工智能时代的风险危机与信任建构——基于风险理论的分析[J].郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2020,53(5):120-125. [7] MCKNIGHT D H,CARTER M,THATCHER J B,et al.Trust in a specific technology[J].ACM transactions on management information systems,2011,2(2):1-25. [8] PAVLOU P.Integrating trust in electronic commerce with the technology acceptance model:model development and validation[C].AMCIS 2001 proceedings,2001,159. [9] 袁勇,王飞跃.区块链技术发展现状与展望[J].自动化学报,2016,42(4):481-494. [10] MARKUS M L,SILVER M S.A foundation for the study of it effects:a new look at desanctis and poole's concepts of structural features and spirit[J].Journal of the association for information systems,2008,9(10-11):609-632. [11] 严中华,关士续,米加宁.基于制度的B2B电子商务的技术信任研究[J].技术经济与管理研究,2004(4):30-32. [12] FLEEGER P,LAWRENCE S.Technology,transparency,and trust[J].IEEE security & privacy,2015,12(6):3-5. [13] 张权.技术信任的崛起及其信任基础的巩固[J].中国发展观察,2020(Z2):93-95. [14] OWEN R,MACNAGHTEN P,STILGOE J.Responsible research and innovation:from science in society to science for society,with society[J].Science & public policy,2012,39(6):751–760. [15] STILGOE J,OWEN R,MACNAGHTEN P.Developing a framework for responsible innovation[J].Research policy,2013,42(9):1568-1580. [16] CARSTEN S B.Responsible research and innovation:the role of privacy in an emerging framework[J].Science and public policy,2013(6):708-716. [17] 梅亮,陈劲.责任式创新:源起,归因解析与理论框架[J].管理世界,2015(8):39-57. [18] ROSS J P.The obvious invisibility of the relationship between technology and social values[J].International journal of science in society,2011,2(1):51-61. [19] RATNASINGAM P.The importance of technology trust in web services security[J].Information management & computer security,2002,10(5):255-260. [20] MAZEY N C,WINGREEN S C.Perceptions of trust in bionano sensors:is it againstour better judgement? An investigation of generalised expectancies and the emerging technology trust paradox[J].International journal of distributed sensor networks,2017,13(7):1-16. [21] HENGSTLER M,ENKEL E,DUELLI S,et al.Applied artificial intelligence and trust—the case of autonomous vehicles and medical assistance devices[J].Technological forecasting & social change,2016,105(4):105-120. [22] ELIA J.Transparency rights,technology,and trust[J].Ethics & information technology,2009,11(2):145-153. [23] HOROWITZ M C,KAHN L,MAHONEY C.The future of military applications of artificial intelligence:a role for confidence-building measures[J].Orbis,2020,64(4):528-543. [24] HUTSON M.Hackers easily fool artificial intelligences[J].Science,2018,361(6399):215-215. [25] COLLING R D.The social control of technology[M].London:Pinter,1980. [26] European Commission.White paper on artificial intelligence:a european approach to excellence and trust[R].Brussels:European commission,2020. [27] 张富利.全球风险社会下人工智能的治理之道——复杂性范式与法律应对[J].学术论坛,2019,42(3):68-80. [28] 谭九生,杨建武.人工智能技术的伦理风险及其协同治理[J].中国行政管理,2019(10):44-50. [29] 中国电子技术标准化研究院.指纹识别系统技术要求:GB/T 37076-2018[S]//全国信息安全标准化技术委员会.北京:中国标准出版社,2018. [30] 中国电子技术标准化研究院.虹膜识别系统技术要求:GB/T 20979-2019[S]//全国信息安全标准化技术委员会.北京:中国标准出版社,2019. [31] 中国信息通信研究院,中国人工智能产业发展联盟.人工智能治理白皮书[EB/OL].(2020-09-28)[2021-05-25] http://www.caict.ac.cn/kxyj/qwfb/bps/202009/t20200928_347546.htm. [32] HUTAN A.Artificial intelligence and robot responsibilities:innovating beyond rights[J].Science & engineering ethics,2015,21(2):317-326. [33] The European Council.Artificial intelligence for Europe[R].Brussels:European commission,2018. [34] 张之豪.发展负责任的人工智能:新一代人工智能治理原则[N].中国日报,2019-06-17(4). [35] 乌尔里希·贝克.风险社会:新的现代性之路[M].张文杰,何博闻,译.南京:译林出版社,2018. [36] 安东尼·吉登斯.现代性的后果[M].田禾,译.南京:译林出版社,2011. [37] KEITH C,REBECCA L G.Polycentric systems of governance:a theoretical model for the commons[J].Policy studies journal,2019,47(4):932-933. [38] 张林超,张欣海.可信任的人工智能系统及安全框架浅析[J].中国电子科学研究院学报,2019,14(12):1253-1258. [39] TAEBI B,CORRELJé A,CUPPEN E,et al.Responsible innovation as an endorsement of public values:the need for interdisciplinary research[J].Journal of responsible innovation,2014,1(1):118-124. [40] CARRILLO M R.Artificial intelligence:from ethics to law[J].Telecommunications policy,2020,44(6):101937.
2022, 
