主要国家人工智能技术发展路线图规划模式及启示

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摘要 2017年以来,美国、欧盟、英国、日本、韩国、俄罗斯、加拿大等主要国家和经济体相继发布人工智能研发战略,结合本国国情谋划人工智能未来发展路线,对人工智能的未来发展方向及优先领域进行系统布局。本研究基于人工智能技术和社会双重属性,提出用于分析人工智能路线图规划模式的“菱形”分类图,通过分析主要国家的人工智能发展战略,探索凝练出典型的规划模式,即美国的“全面技术引领型”模式、欧盟的“伦理深度介入型”模式、英国的“伦理约束下的双驱动力”模式、日本的“智能社会导向型”模式、韩国的“产业结合与领域选择型”模式、俄罗斯的“基础研发夯实型”模式和加拿大的“前沿理论创新型”模式。在此基础上,尝试提出符合中国国情的未来人工智能发展路径。

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	王彦雨
	高芳

关键词 ：人工智能, 路线图, 技术引领, 伦理嵌入

Abstract：Since 2017,major countries and economies such as the United States,the European Union,the U.K,Japan,South Korea,Russia and Canada have successively issued artificial intelligence research and development strategies.They plan the future development route of artificial intelligence(AI)based on their own national conditions,systematically lay out the future development direction and priority areas of artificial intelligence.The study proposes the“diamond”classification figure to analyze different characteristics of AI road map planning modes of main countries.According to the“diamond”classification figure,following typical AI road map planning modes are summarized.They are“comprehensive technology leading”mode of America,“deep intervention of ethics”mode of European countries,Britain's“the double driving force under the restriction of ethics”mode,Japan's“smart society-oriented”mode,South Korea's“industry orientation”mode,Russia's“consolidate basic research foundation”mode,and Canada's“frontier theory innovation”mode.Based on the analysis,the paper tries to put forward the future AI development path in line with China's national conditions.

Key words： Artificial intelligence(AI) Road map Technology leadership Ethics embedding

收稿日期: 2021-03-15

PACS:

F062.4

基金资助:中国科学技术信息研究所委托课题“人工智能的未来发展愿景及其重大社会影响问题研究”(Y9900102),中国科学院自然科学史研究所重点培育方向项目“科技风险与伦理研究:历史、现状与治理对策”(E190010501),教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“习近平总书记关于自主创新的重要论述研究”(19YJA710004)。

通讯作者: 高芳

作者简介: 王彦雨(1982-),男,山东菏泽人,副研究员,研究方向为科技战略、人工智能风险。

引用本文:

王彦雨, 高芳. 主要国家人工智能技术发展路线图规划模式及启示[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2022(1): 180-188.
Wang Yanyu, Gao Fang. Model and Enlightenment of Artificial Intelligence Development Roadmap in Major Countries. , 2022(1): 180-188.

链接本文:

http://www.zgkjlt.org.cn/CN/Y2022/I1/180

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