Abstract：Block chain solves trust problem and achieves value transfer through distributed and decentralized architecture,which affects the way of social operation.Based on parallel system theory,we propose a basic framework of society consisting of productive forces society and productive relations society.The dialectical relationships between the parallel societies are explained.Taking into account the action field of block chain,we analyze the basic composition of social costs and its“first principle”,how block chain reduces the productive relations cost,and put forward several key issues in parallel society management.The result shows that in the co-evolution of parallel societies,productive forces society dominates the productive relations society,the scope of productive relations society is becoming larger and larger,while the scope of productive forces society is becoming smaller and smaller.Block chain reduces productive relations cost by means of disintermediating and building trust.In the management of parallel societies,we should focus on productive relations,through the division of labor,coordination between productive relations society and productive forces society,the cost could be reduced,and the efficiency would be promoted.
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