Abstract:MP3 is the excellent example for German Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft from forward-looking research to technology development and commercialization,having the typical significance of commercialization of German public research.This paper presents the whole process of technology innovation of MP3,and finds a lien between the mechanism of Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft and its innovation process,and analyzes how a platform of collaborative innovation is constructed under such a mechanism by the institutes,universities and enterprises.
黄宁燕, 孙玉明. 从MP3案例看德国弗劳恩霍夫协会技术创新机制[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2018(9): 181-188.
Huang Ningyan, Sun Yuming. Technological Innovation Process of German Fraunhofer Association Based on MP3 Case Study. , 2018(9): 181-188.
[1]ROSE J.The MP3:a history of innovation and betrayal[EB/OL].http://www.npr.org/sections/therecord/2011/03/23/134622940/the-mp3-a-history-of-innovation-and-betrayal. [2]DENEGRI-KNOTT J,TADAJEWSKI M.The emergence of MP3 technology[J].Journal of historical research in marketing,2010,2(4):397-425. [3]Fraunhofer.Fraunhofer annual report 2015[EB/OL].https://www.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/zv/en/Publications/Annual-Report/2015/Annual-Report-2015.pdf. [4]GRIPS Research Institute of Economy,Trade and Industry.Role of public research institutes in national innovation systems in industrialized countries:the cases of fraunhofer,NIST,CSIRO,AIST,and ITRI[EB/OL].http://www.rieti.go.jp/en/. [5]OECD.Commercialising public research:new trends and strategies[R].2013. [6]陈劲,阳银娟.协同创新的理论基础与内涵[J].科学学研究,2012,30(2).