The Change and Diffusion of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Policy in China
Zheng Shiming1, Li Jiaqi1, Li Liangcheng2
School of Public Administration,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China; School of Marxism,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China
Abstract:Since 2000,innovation and entrepreneurship have gradually become a hot issue.The central and local policies of innovation and entrepreneurship have been implemented in China,which has greatly promoted the development of innovation and entrepreneurship.Based on 1382 central and local policies on innovation and entrepreneurship from the year 2000 to 2017,this paper studies the evolution process and diffusion mechanism of China's innovation and entrepreneurship policy.The study finds that the central and local policies of innovation and entrepreneurship have gone through three processes.The policy diffusion mechanism between the center and the local governments or among the local governments have obvious characteristics:the former presents a policy diffusion path from “the local government being the first pilot”to “being approved by the central government”,and then to “fully pushing forward the implementation of the local government”,and the latter presents a “multi-concentric circle”policy diffusion model,as a whole conforming to the S-shaped curve of policy diffusion,and this kind of mechanism of policy diffusion is one of the reasons for the significant differences in the innovation and entrepreneurship policy between different regions.
郑石明, 李佳琪, 李良成. 中国创新创业政策变迁与扩散研究[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2019(9): 16-24.
Zheng Shiming, Li Jiaqi, Li Liangcheng. The Change and Diffusion of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Policy in China. , 2019(9): 16-24.
[1]徐德英,韩伯棠.政策供需匹配模型构建及实证研究——以北京市创新创业政策为例[J].科学学研究,2015,33 (12):1787-1796+1893. [2]林强,姜彦福,张健.创业理论及其架构分析[J].经济研究,2001 (9):85-94+96. [3]HOGWOOD W B,PETERS B G.Policy dynamics[M].New York:St.Martin′s Press,1983. [4]詹姆斯·E·安德森.公共决策[M].北京:华夏出版社,1990. [5]HOWLETT M,RAMESH M.Policy subsystem configurations and policy change:Operationalizing the postpositivist analysis of the politics of the policy process[J].Policy studies journal,1998,26 (3):466-481. [6]杨瑞龙.我国制度变迁方式转换的三阶段论——兼论地方政府的制度创新行为[J].经济研究,1998 (1):5-12. [7]黄萃,赵培强,李江.基于共词分析的中国科技创新政策变迁量化分析[J].中国行政管理,2015 (9):115-122. [8]朱旭峰.中国社会政策变迁中的专家参与模式研究[J].社会学研究,2011,25 (2):1-27+243. [9]田华文,魏淑艳.政策论坛:未来我国政策变迁的重要动力——基于广州市城市生活垃圾治理政策变迁的案例研究[J].公共管理学报,2015,12 (1):24-33+154. [10]WALKER J L.The diffusion of innovations among the American states[J].American political science review,1969,63 (3):880-899. [11]TYRAN J R,SAUSGRUBER R.The diffusion of policy innovations:An experimental investigation[J].Journal of evolutionary economics,2005,15 (4):423-442. [12]BOEHMKE F J,WITMER R.Disentangling diffusion:The effects of social learning and economic competition on state policy innovation and expansion[J].Political research quarterly,2004,57 (1):39-51. [13]ZHU X.Mandate versus championship:Vertical government intervention and diffusion of innovation in public services in authoritarian China[J].Public management review,2014,16 (1):117-139. [14]GRAY V.Innovation in the states:A diffusion study[J].American political science review,1973,67 (4):1174-1185. [15]BRAUN D,GILARDI F.Taking Galton′s problem seriously:Towards a theory of policy diffusion[J].Journal of theoretical politics,2006,18 (3):298-322. [16]ROGERS E M.Diffusion of innovations[M].New York:Free Press,1983. [17]HEYWOOD S J.Toward a sound theory of innovation[J].Elementary school journal,1966,66 (3):107-114. [18]朱亚鹏,丁淑娟.政策属性与中国社会政策创新的扩散研究[J].社会学研究,2016,31 (5):88-113+243. [19]陈芳.政策扩散理论的演化[J].中国行政管理,2014 (6):99-104. [20]张剑,黄萃,叶选挺,等.中国公共政策扩散的文献量化研究——以科技成果转化政策为例[J].中国软科学,2016 (2):145-155. [21]谢俊.棚户区改造政策扩散因素分析[J].中南财经政法大学学报,2018 (3):80-86. [22]杨代福.我国城市社区网格化管理创新扩散现状与机理分析[J].青海社会科学,2013 (6):77-85. [23]王浦劬,赖先进.中国公共政策扩散的模式与机制分析[J].北京大学学报 (哲学社会科学版),2013,50 (6):14-23. [24]林雪霏.政府间组织学习与政策再生产:政策扩散的微观机制——以 “城市网格化管理”政策为例[J].公共管理学报,2015,12 (1):11-23+153-154. [25]朱旭峰,赵慧.政府间关系视角下的社会政策扩散——以城市低保制度为例 (1993—1999)[J].中国社会科学,2016 (8):95-116+206. [26]VIANA BARCELO R A,NAVARRO ESPAÑA J L,PINTO PRIETO H M.A review of the motivations of academic researchers in Colombia to generate and transfer knowledge to the manufacturing industry using a canonical correlation analysis[J].Estudios gerenciales,2012,28 (124):125-139. [27]FERRARY M.Strategic spin-off:A new incentive contract for managing R&D researchers[J].Journal of technology transfer,2008,33 (6):600-618. [28]刘长江,李红联,张小丽.科研人员创新创业的政策、法规及制度环境研究[J].科学管理研究,2015,33 (6):97-100. [29]肖潇,汪涛.国家自主创新示范区大学生创业政策评价研究[J].科学学研究,2015,33 (10):1511-1519. [30]袁燕军,赵利军.北京大学生创业政策环境优化研究[J].科研管理,2016,37 (S1):463-467.