创业失败情境下反事实思维影响因素的实证研究

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摘要反事实思维是个体对已经发生的事件进行心理模拟和替换以预测和推理未来,并为未来行为和事件提供指导的认知机制,可为失败情境下探索创业者的思维和认知提供新的视角。本文基于203位具有失败经历的连续创业者及其创业企业的经验数据,检验哪些因素会导致创业者失败后产生反事实思维。研究表明,失败后内部归因、创业者自我效能感以及经济成本均正向影响创业者的反事实思维,而失败时间对反事实思维产生没有显著影响。本研究丰富了反事实思维和心理学的相关研究,对身处失败阴霾的创业者从失败中获益也提供了一些启示。

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	李艳妮
	郝喜玲

关键词 ：创业失败, 反事实思维, 经济成本, 归因, 自我效能感

Abstract：Counterfactual thinking is a cognitive mechanism in which individuals mentally simulate and replace events that have occurred to predict and reason about the future,provide guidance for future behaviors and events,and provide a new perspective for exploring entrepreneurs' thinking and cognition in the context of failure.Based on the empirical data of 203 serial entrepreneurs with failure experience,this paper empirically tests which factors lead to counterfactual thinking after entrepreneurs fail.The research shows that internal attribution,entrepreneurial self-efficacy and economic costs are positively affecting counterfactual thinking of entrepreneurs;Time of failure has no significant impact on counterfactual thinking.This study not only enriches the research on counterfactual thinking and psychology,but also provides beneficial enlightenment for entrepreneurs to benefit from failure.

Key words： Entrepreneurial failure Counterfactual thinking Economic cost Attribution Self-efficacy

收稿日期: 2019-09-06

PACS:

F270

基金资助:国家自然科学基金重点项目“网络及不确定环境下创业者的行为认知与决策机制研究”(71532005),国家自然科学基金青年项目“失败情境下创业学习的方式、影响因素”(71602001)。

作者简介: 李艳妮(1992-),女,河北沧州人,南开大学博士研究生;研究方向:创业管理。

引用本文:

李艳妮, 郝喜玲. 创业失败情境下反事实思维影响因素的实证研究[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2020(7): 141-150.
Li Yanni, Hao Xiling. An Empirical Research on Factors Influencing Counterfactual Thinking in the Context of Entrepreneurial Failure. , 2020(7): 141-150.

链接本文:

http://www.zgkjlt.org.cn/CN/Y2020/I7/141

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