Abstract:Science and technology ethics is the base for promoting the healthy development of science and technology,and the governance of emerging technology ethics has become an important part of global science and technology ethics governance.This study selected the ethical governance of artificial intelligence,human gene editing,and stem cell technology,the leading technologies of the new round of science and technological revolution as our research targets.We meanly analyzed the practices taken by international organizations such as the United Nations,the European Union,the World Health Organization,the International Society for Stem Cell Research,and the United States in the fields of emerging technologies,and proposed relevant policy recommendations.
杨耀, 施筱勇. 新兴技术伦理治理的国际实践与启示[J]. 中国科技论坛, 2025(1): 154-161.
Yang Yao, Shi Xiaoyong. International Practice and Enlightenment for Ethical Governance of Emerging Technologies. , 2025(1): 154-161.
[1] 刘萱,李响.科技伦理的价值取向及其对国际科技合作的重要作用[J].科学通报,2023,68(13):1611-1616. [2] 黄明涛,翟晓梅.国内外科技伦理研究热点及可视化分析[J].医学与哲学,2024,45(7):24-29. [3] 李真真,董永亮,高旖蔚.设计生命:合成生物学的安全风险与伦理挑战[J].中国科学院院刊,2018,33(11):1269-1276. [4] UNESCO.Recommendation on the ethics of artificial intelligence[R/OL].(2022)[2024-07-21] .https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/recommendation-ethics-artificial-intelligence. [5] AI Advisory Body of UN.Governing AI for humanity[R/OL].(2024-12)[2024-06-25] .https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/ai_advisory_body_interim_report.pdf. [6] General Assembly of the United Nations.Seizing the opportunities of safe,secure and trustworthy artificial intelligence systems for sustainable development[R/OL].(2024-04-01)[2024-06-25] .https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4043244?v=pdf. [7] 李慧君.欧盟、美国和日本人工智能治理模式[N/OL].人民法院报.(2024-06-07)[2024-07-19] .https://rmfyb.chinacourt.org/content/202406/07/article_931418_1390327315_5495104.html. [8] High-Level Expert Group on AI of EU.Ethics guidelines for trustworthy AI[R/OL].(2024-04-01)[2019-04-08] .https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai. [9] The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union.Artificial intelligence act[R/OL].(2024-04-19)[2024-07-20] .https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2024-0138-FNL-COR01_EN.pdf. [10] Select Committee on Artificial Intelligence of the National Science and Technology Council.National artificial intelligence research and development strategic plan[R/OL].(2023-05)[2024-07-10] .https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/National-Artificial-Intelligence-Research-and-Development-Strategic-Plan-2023-Update.pdf. [11] The White House of USA.Executive order on the safe,secure,and trustworthy development and use of artificial intelligence[R/OL].(2023-10-30)[2024-07-17] .https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2023/10/30/executive-order-on-the-safe-secure-and-trustworthy-development-and-use-of-artificial-intelligence/. [12] The IEEE Global Initiative for Ethical Considerations in Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Systems.Ethically aligned design:a vision for prioritizing wellbeing with artificial intelligence and autonomous systems(version 1-for public discussion)[R/OL].(2023-12-13)[2024-07-15] .http://standards.ieee.org/develop/indconn/ec/autonomous_systems.html. [13] The IEEE Global Initiative for Ethical Considerations in Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Systems.Ethically aligned design:a vision for prioritizing human well-being with autonomous and intelligent systems(version 2-for public discussion)[R/OL].(2023-12-13)[2024-07-15] .http://standards.ieee.org/develop/indconn/ec/autonomous_systems.html. [14] The White House of USA.Fact sheet:biden-harris administration secures voluntary commitments from leading artificial intelligence companies to manage the risks posed by AI[R/OL].(2023-07-21)[2024-07-18] .https://www.whitehouse.gov. [15] The White House of USA.Fact sheet:biden-harris administration secures voluntary commitments from eight additional artificial intelligence companies to manage the risks posed by AI[R/OL].(2023-09-12)[2024-07-18] .https://www.whitehouse.gov. [16] WHO Expert Advisory Committee on Developing Global Standards for Governance and Oversight of Human Genome Editing.Human genome editing:a framework for governance[R/OL].(2021-07)[2024-07-20] .https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/342484. [17] International Society for Stem Cell Research.Guidelines for stem cell research and clinical translation[EB/OL].(2021-10)[2024-07-22] .https://www.isscr.org/guidelines.